I use sight black on my AR-15 match rifle and several other firearms. The idea is to put a thin,
flat black coating on the front (& rear sight) that absorbs all light and makes a uniformly black,
sharp sight surface that is free from any glare or reflection. It minimizes sighting errors caused
by sunlight glinting on your sights.
Commercially, you can buy a carbide lamp specially made to blacken sights (downside is you
have to buy the carbide pellets and thoroughly clean the lamp afterwards.) When mixed with
water, the pellets emit acetylene gas; a flint wheel lights the gas. The gas burns with a sooty
flame perfect for smoking sights. You can also use a candle (hard to do in a wind) or buy sight
black in a spray can (which can be put on too thick and produce an uneven "bumpy" coating on
the sight. Personally, I use a BIC butane lighter with an valve to adjust the flame height. It is
relatively wind proof and requires no maintenance.
Hope this helps.