I shoot .40 S&W in USPSA Limited.
.40 S&W is a high pressure round with very little margin for error when it comes to charge weights, OAL, and the powder you are using. I primarily only use Vihtavuori N-320 and Accurate Solo 1000 when loading for .40 S&W, and only 180 grain bullets to make major power factor. I first had to find an OAL that would reliably feed in my gun. I started with a mid range load of powder and the SAAMI OAL, which I believe was 1.135. Has failures to feed with rounds this short, so I incrementally brought out the OAL (keeping the powder change the same) until I found one which fed with no issues, which for my gun ended up being 1.160".
Because I had brought out the OAL, I increased the internal volume in the case, which dropped the velocity to below where I wanted it. I slowly and methodically loaded some rounds with incrementally larger powder charges and my new OAL of 1.160" until I started to see the velocity I was looking for.
If you load a 180 grain and 165 grain bullet to the same OAL, the 165 grain cartridge is going to have a slightly greater internal volume, and if you load the 165 with same powder charge/type as the 180, the 165's velocity will generally be less. This is why you generally see higher powder charges for lighter bullets.
The reason you're not seeing Titegroup in any reloading manuals (and I just checked my Hornady and Sierra books) is it's a little too fast of a powder for .40 S&W. So is the N-320 I load - Vihtavuori has no 180 grain N-320 load, they recommend N-330, a slighly slower powder. However if you look at the container of Titegroup, you'll see a MAX load data for .40 S&W. Lots of guys I shoot with load their .40 ammo for matches with Titegroup.
Just make sure you work up your load! Don't just start with anyone's interwebz recipe for Titegroup. I don't know what kind of gun or division you're shooting, but it would really suck to KB a STI race gun with too hot a charge of powder.
Lots of good .40 reloading info here:
Clicky