Josh,
I didn't explain myself well.
My thoughts were that it appears that you don't need to re-engrave your name/city/state on the new barrel if you re-barrel it.
This is my train of thought:
By marking the barrel when you manufacture it, you fulfill the manufacturing/marking requirements.
It is not illegal to deface or remove the mfg/city/state info, just the serial number (which is on the receiver).
Therefor, when you re-barrel, it is ok to not mark the new barrel. (No requirement to do so, you were only required to mark it when you manufactured it)
I see it sort of as a variant of this:
You buy a firearm (any kind).
The manufacturer marked the barrel with mfg/address, receiver with serial number. You re-barrel.
You aren't the manufacturer, you aren't required to put the manufacturer's info on the thing (and you aren't removing the serial number).
No law is broken but you also don't have the mfg/city/state on the firearm anymore.
I guess it might get kind of weird being the manufacturer removing the barrel/markings without it leaving your possession.
It also appears that the federal law only requires a serial number. I don't see a requirement to mark mfg/address.
"(i) Licensed importers and licensed manufacturers shall identify
by means of a serial number engraved or cast on the receiver or
frame of the weapon, in such manner as the Attorney General shall
by regulations prescribe, each firearm imported or manufactured by
such importer or manufacturer."
http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/uscode/18/I/44
http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/uscode/18/I/44/923
IANAL and all that.
It's getting late and I'll try to dig through the ATF rulings/policies on this later this week.
There's probably something that I haven't seen in there,