Unless you're planning on loading your 10mm to 40s&w like velocities, you need a slower burning powder. As had been said, the powder is about as cheap as the primer in terms of cost per round. The bullet dwarfs the costs of the other components combined.
Say you spend $20 per lb for an 8lb keg of Power Pistol powder (great choice for a 10mm) and then assembled your Starline cases ($136/1000) with CCI LPM primers $32/1000), 10grns of powder (over a full charge), and 180grn Hornady bulk bullets ($312/2000). What would the cost per round be?
The order of component cost, high to low would be as follows:
1st - Bulk Hornady bullets would cost you about 15.6¢ each ($312 / 2,000 bullets)
2nd - CCI LPM primers 3.2¢ ($32 / 1,000 primers)
3rd - Power Pistol powder 2.9¢ per round ($160 / 56,000grns *10 grns per round)
4th - Starline cases 2.7¢ per round (assuming 5
cycles - $136 / 1,000 cases /5 reloads)
Your total cost for this hypothetical round would be or 24.4¢ per round ($12.20/box of 50) and only 2.9¢ (11.9%) of it would be powder.