Well, I don't know where to start with this. An AR10 isn't exactly light, nor is it the best choice for home defense (over penetration could be a problem).
Now, if your looking to hunt with an AR platform then your in the right area. If you want it light as possible, then I think you should go with 16 inch barrel, because I don't think your losing very much fps by switching to a shorter barrel, honestly it's probably less the 100 fps (16 vs 18 inch barrel), and your saving a pound of weight. A 16 inch AR10 will weight around 8.5 lbs w/o optics and ammo.
When you say long range, what's long range to you? Are you planning on hunting deer? Elk? Antelope? Bear? Mountain lions? Moose? Wouldn't even consider .308 for Moose or Elk, if I had something bigger to use (to me, minimum would be 30-06 for those two animals, not saying you can't hunt those with .308, but bigger is always better for such animals).
As for building it yourself, you going to need the basic building tools, vise, vise block, armors wrench, torque wrench, punches, small brass hammer, regular hammer, mallet, slip joint pliers. Mega Arms and Noveske are good stuff, expensive, be prepared to pay top dollar for those brands.
There will be more opinions along in a few to expand upon this, but tell us what you plan on doing with. And don't forget to post up pic when you start.