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My question is, how do you tell a gate mark from a cut off sprue?
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Probably can't always but the size, area, and visual appearance of attachment might be one thing to look at.
If you look at the videos on the cast parts they are cut off a solidified metal tree. Most of the AR parts I have seen that showed the attachment to the center tree has a large surface used to attach it like the end face of the trigger, the end of a selector, the extended face of the hammer, and the end of the bolt catch. They are cut off the solid metal tree leaving a large flat area that is later removed or smoothed.
Some videos show the MIM parts that are made on trees being more like the plastic injected parts attached to something like a plastic model car or plane kit arrangement with small attachment points. Also in the MIM videos I watched the parts are removed from the small attachment to the trees before they go through the processing and shrinking of the part. Sometimes removal was done by machine and by hand in one video I watched.