Teflon is not at all harmful or an issue in gun barrels.
The US military has used CLP with Teflon for MANY years. If there was a problem we'd have heard all about it.
I don't know where this idea of Teflon being bad started.
I also clean my AK from the muzzle by pulling the rod. I do use the brass cone-shaped muzzle guide to protect the crown.
I put the rod down the barrel, attach a bore brush or a patch and pull it into the chamber.
Then I use a plastic pipette bulb to give the chamber a squirt of bore solvent, then pull the rod out the muzzle, keeping the brass muzzle protector against the muzzle.
As for corrosive primed ammo, the only cleaner that's effective is something that contains water.
The corrosive element is a form of salt. You cannot "neutralize" salt, all you can do is dissolve it and flush it off the metal.
The only thing that can dissolve salt is water.
No oil or other standard lubricant, modern bore solvent, ammonia or any product that does not contain water will work.
If you want to know if something will work, put some in a small glass and add a little table salt.
If the salt just lays there the product is useless.
If the salt dissolves and disappears into solution it will work.
As said, CLP and almost NO other lubricant will work to clean a gun fired with corrosive primed ammo.
You can buy something like Ballistol and mix some water in with it, or you can just use water.
Since nothing works better then water, and nothing is cheaper then water, I just use hot water to remove the salt residue.
Other products like Windex and store ammonia work only because they're almost all water.
Note that cleaning a rifle fired with corrosive primed ammo is a TWO PART process.
Process One is to dissolve and flush off the corrosive residue.
Process Two is to use a bore solvent to remove carbon, powder, and copper fouling as with any firearm.
Just because you've cleaned off the corrosive residue does NOT mean the firearm is clean. You still have to deal with carbon, powder, and copper fouling.