At 10 yards what should  one expect for accuracy?

Springfield  range officer is what I am. Using with 230 gr ball ammo

when I was competing with a 1911 in .45 for USPSA my pistols would hold at least five shot groups of less than 2 1/2" at 25yd .... trigger around 3 1/2#, offhand unsupported, with open sights ... usually a Clark chrome moly match barrel... I was shooting the lighter bullets in those days and did not switch to the 230s until the last year or so I shot .45

don't think I ever grouped one at 10yd

Generally speaking it's the nut behind the gun that's the limiting factor. Then te ammo. Then the gun.

this.
at 10yds you should be pretty close to a ragged hole without just about any gun.
anything other than that is likely shooter induced
(PS, I cant shoot well enough to critique)

pretty close to touching all 8 rnds, if not all of them.

The gun is capable of one hole at  10 yards.

They are not wrong.

A decent 1911 with decent ammo and decent shooter should be ripping a hole out the size of a tennis ball after a couple mags at ten yards.

If you can shoot from a rested position you can get a pretty good idea of how the gun shoots to determine if it is you or the gun.

move the target closer

or just shoot steel as it is way more rewarding then paper.

I don't typically shoot slow fire that close either. I'll go slow and work on accuracy at 25 yards, and shoot fast, work on drills up close.

Isn't it true most defensive shooting occur around this distance?

10 yards is pfc for range shooting.
I usually go 15 to 25 yards.

Close range defensive shooting is not the only thing to do with a pistol! Yes close range practice with a carry gun at speed is good to practice, but it is also nice to shoot well at distance. While the 21 foot rule is emphasized and many people practice at 7-10 yards extensively, in reality a civilian defensive encounter will likely be even closer probably under ten feet where you probably won’t do much more than point shoot.
However things that reinforce accuracy at distance ( gaining a proper grip trigger control ) help closer in as well.
I have seen plenty of uspsa hosers who can kill a close range scenario with blazing speed who have trouble holding on the paper on a 25 slow fire bullseye target.
And what happens when those that shoot exclusive at 7-10 yards are in that one in a million ( billion?) scenario working against a person with a rifle at 30 yards - cannot even come close to making the shot
Practice close fast and long accuracy

I thought most are within 20 to 25 feet.

This might give you an idea of what to look for.  But it is a timed challenge, so it might be exactly what you're looking for.  10 yards 10 rounds 10 seconds.  Slow fire is different.

https://www.ar15.com/forums/handguns/Handgun-Challenge-10R-10Y-10S/4-180873/?r=-1&page=1&anc=2031317#i2031317

You gotta train for everything from 1” on out.  You determine how far out is too far for a reliable hit.

There was an old timer down in Texas who shot a perp at 125 yards with his CCW .357 magnum that was about to ambush a cop not to long ago.