Serious high power competitors will be looking at replacing their nonchrome lined barrels (they don't use chrome lined barrels) 4000 to 7000 rounds (you'll get a lot of different opinions) depending on various conditions. That is because flyers start occurring at 600 yards. At closer ranges, the deterioration is much less noticeable and most people wouldn't notice. This can be compensated for by loading overall cartridges lengths a little longer due to the throat erosion, but there are limits to this.
With chrome lining, barrel life will be greatly increased, but it usually will take away from longer range performance.
There are other benefits to chrome, such as corrosion resistance and easier cleaning.
For most people either barrel will work well. If you actually do shoot out a barrel, the cost of the ammo to do it is far more than the cost of a barrel. Consider the barrel a consumable item if you shoot that much.
If shooting other cartridges, such as 300 Win Mag (not in ARs of course0, throat erosion is even more significant. For 22lr, it is virtually non existent.