Yes, file a police report with your LOCAL police. No matter what they say, you don't have to file a report in all those other cities.
This is future protection against ID theft. You have a record of it with the police report. Look into getting ID theft insurance, through Zander insurance. Don't bother with outfits like lifelock, they won't do anything for you if your ID gets stolen. The Zander guys will actually do the legwork for you in clearing your name if something happens.
Now that said, never use your debit card as a debit card if you can help it. Use it as a CREDIT card. That means your PIN is not used.
If your card has the Visa or Mastercard logo on it, their own terms of service say you get the exact same protection as a credit card, as long as the transaction isn't used as a debit card.
If your card gets illegally used as a debit card, you'll have to go through the bank that issued it, and their policies can differ.