I live in the Vacaville area, but have been to Lodi and Stockton many times. Stockton is having serious financial problems, and is not staffing the police and fire departments like they need to. The city went bankrupt as a result of the housing crisis, multiple bad investment and municipal project decisions. Having said that, there are some nice areas around Stockton and Lodi. I like the Lodi area, but it's farther out from Stockton if that's where you'll be. $250k won't buy much house out here in the city right now. But it will get you in the market and allow you to keep from renting forever.
As far as gun laws go, you need to check out http://www.calguns.net/calgunforum/index.php. Great folks and they have all the info you need. They just recently passed even stricter gun laws. Things are much different here than Texas. They don't call it "The People's Republic of Kalifornia" for nothing. If you bring the Texas Peashooters "AK's, AR's, high cap pistol stuff" out here and they'll throw you in a dark hole and make you watch Pelosi, Feinstein & Boxer speeches till your eyes bleed.
Hope this helps..