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.........Why is this not a problem shooting hundreds of rounds in my Single Six between cleanings?........
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First off, as others have mentioned, a Smith 617 is manufactured to a much tighter tolerance than your Colt Diamondback or Ruger SSS.
Also, the problem is most likely fouling under the extractor on your 617. Your Ruger is a single action, so it doesn't have an extractor star to collect fouling. I find that I can shoot either of my 617s around 200-250 rounds before having to clean and lube.
Not on topic but I did have two other issues with my 617's, both older, pre-lock models. First was with my 6-shot 6" 617. I was shooting Remington .22lr with a plain lead bullet. It took only about 20 rounds before the bullets were keyholing and impact was almost a FOOT off as close as SEVEN YARDS! I cleaned the barrel well and a piece of lead about 1/8" long came out of the forcing cone. I have gone well over 500 rounds of Federal 550-round bulk pack with the copper coated bullet without cleaning with no issues. It just doesn't like plain lead bullets.
Next was with my 10-shot 4". I bought it used but the original owner wasn't much of a shooter. He would go for YEARS between range sessions, so round count before I owned it wasn't that high. I was playing around shooting steel and was maybe 10,000 rounds into the gun over about four years (I really miss cheap and available .22lr!). Anyway, I was getting a lot of lead shaving coming out of the barrel/cylinder gap. Then complete misfires began a few rounds later. The timing was so far off that the firing pin was hitting the cylinder between the chambers.
I dropped it off at the S&W guard shack and filled out the warranty paperwork. I received a call about a week later saying I could come back and pick up my 617. It was fitted with all new internals and a new cylinder,since the old one had the firing pin marks between the chambers and there were huge burrs on the cylinder bolt notches.
The 617 requires more care than other looser tolerances rimfire revolvers but it's well worth it. And if you are worried about having to clean between the stages of a Steel Challenge match, try shooting higher quality, cleaner burning ammo. But honestly, when I'm shooting a competition, I always brush out underneath the extractor star after every stage anyway.