POSP scope made by BelOMO in Belarus. Fixed magnification with what appears to be a 42mm objective. The adjustment ring is an ocular adjustment for reticle focus.
You have two mounts there. The loose mount is a SVD mount, the second is an AK mount and is already installed on the scope. You can swap them out as needed based on the type of optic rail your rifle has.
The rubber thingy is an eye piece that slips over the ocular housing of the scope.
Paperwork doesn't appear to match the scope. Your scope isn't the 4x24, 6x24, or 2-6x24 that is shown in your paperwork pics.
They are made in various magnification powers. To know for sure what you have look at the pic below and compare the info to what is on your scope. The 10x42 inscription on the scope in the pic means 10x magnification with a 42mm objective lens.