I protect with CLP or Hoppe's OIL.
I use Hoppes solvent to clean all parts of fouling, especially the BCG, barrel and flash hider.. Then I lube the gun with CLP or Hoppes premium oil. I do not keep Hoppes solvent on anything as a protector.
When I saw the rust, I used some Hoppes solvent to try and remove it. CLP does not seem to get the goop and fouling off of things as well as Hoppes.
I have also used other stuff to clean metal parts, and it sucked compared to Hoppes. I don't see Hoppes #9 rusting my BCG, though?
Tho original point was, before I cleaned her up and lubed her, the rifle was dry but looked okay. Afterward, it looked almost like there was rust-colored metal under the bluing. I've cleaned dozens of guns hundreds of times, and never seen that happen before.
-sf