Personally running a Glock G22 (40 S&W chamber) for about 25 years with NO lube or oil on the outside of the slide, and living on the shore of the Gulf of Mexico in an area that also sees a lot of rainfall, and seeing NO rust whatsover, and not seeing any on the slides of other Glocks, I'd say that it would be extremely difficult (although not impossible) to get surface corrosoin on a melonite treated steel barrel.
I have one on my AR, and do nothing to it other than removal of barrel fowling. No treatment for rust. I don't think there is any way to make them rust beyond deliberately submerging it in high saline saltwater or some kind of strong acid for very long periods of time.
You can wipe it down the exterior with the oil of your choice for cosmetic purposes if you like, but that it as far as the exterior surface is concerned.