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It MAY be a State thing, me being in CA, but my understanding of it is different....as in the manufacturer may have shipped it to your FFL as a long gun lower, and no matter that it hasn't been configured yet, it's already been recorded as a long gun. YMMV, and I hope someone will be along to tell me I'm wrong or that this doesn't apply to your state of NH..
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Unpossible, even in Kali.
Manufacturer/distributor records will indicate what configuration the firearm was in. A manufacturer would have to lie about what he passed along to a distributor, OEM, or end FFL for transfer to an individual to claim a receiver was in full firearm configuration as either a rifle or pistol. Also, there is federal excise tax assessed for complete firearms, and necessary records for them, so there's zero incentive to claim that a receiver was a rifle.
Federal law for the 4473 is the same in all states, even Kali. An FFL in Kali is to mark a lower the same as in any other state. Ultimately, though, what an FFL puts on a 4473, either correctly or incorrectly, does
not determine the actual legal configuration of a firearm, nor the legality of future configuration of it. And if a check is run, the final transferring FFL is the last place that would be found anyway.
In short, a manufacturer cannot ship a lower as a "long gun lower" or a "pistol lower (regardless of whatever might be inscribed on it either). Any of that crap happens after the federally required transfer with various state registrations.
- OS