Out of a 16 inch barrel, how do they compare at say 50 yards? 100 yards? How much drop?

Simply from the crappy BC that a .40 cal pistol bullet has relative to a .223 rifle bullet, I would say that the 10mm is going to drop like a rock past 100 yards.  I don't have any materials at the ready, so off the cuff I would guess about 3-4 inches more of drop on the 10mm over the .223.

Of course all this will vary depending on bullet weight, muzzle velocity, etc of the 10mm.  Why bother comparing the two when the .223 has right around 2000 f.p.s. on the 10mm?  Unless you are lucky enough to get your hands on one of those MP5's in 10mm...  

I want myself one of those 10mm uppers