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While I would agree with much of what some have stated, you have to wonder why or who decided what authors and books to include in the Bible.
I always remind myself that Man decided what to include, and the fact that we now see organized religion taking liberties with the interpret, like how the Catholics, aka the Pope, seem to change the rules as time goes along.
OP ask a legit question. I have listened to Coast to Coast on some of those lost books, like the ones about Jesus during his teen years and leading up to his preaching. Some things were things that made you wonder, but I always found myself not buying into it. Mainly I feel those producing these documents possibly have ulterior motives.
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The broad answer is that there were 6 criteria used to determine what was legit scripture and what wasn't. They were:1. Written by a recognized prophet or apostle, 2. Written by those associated with recognized prophet or apostle, 3. Truthfulness, 4. Faithfulness to previously accepted canonical writings, 5. Confirmed by Christ, prophet, apostle, 6. Church Usage and Recognition
Bruce Ware, who is a solid guy, has an article that fleshes this out
Here
The Council of Carthage in 397 is where the church recognized the Scriptures - but that was kind of like Columbus "discovering" the americas. He just found something that has been around forever. Lists of writing used in church services and considered authoritative Scriptures go back to mid first century and are, in most cases, identical to what is in your Bible today.
The books that usually get discussed on Coast to Coast and the History channel are commonly referred to the Gnostic Gospels. They were a cult that tried to co-opt Christianity. They wrote books like the Gospel of Thomas, Gospel of Judas, the Acts of Paul and Thekla, and things like that. They were written in the 3rd century and attributed to Biblical writers to try to legitimize them. But they are all patently false. They are like the Davinci Code of their day.