Op
At least something came out of this wreck of a thread. You are in Ohio which is kimd of a mecca for lifting. You should be able to get some good stuff there. Check craigslist. People got stuff for the New Years planning to get in shape. About this time they have not ised it for several months and it is taking up space. When you buy get some decent stuff it does not have to be top of the line but dont go cheap. It will last forever.
When you start squats with a bar, start light and work up. Dont do what you did for your arms. 100 reps would not be good. Look up breathing/bracing videos by Chris Duffin. That will help your back a lot. Strengthening your back and core will help a ton. Look for core exersices that dont involve flexsion of the back. Dr McGill has some good info. You core exersices should be anti movement stuff (anti-extension, anti-rotation, anti-lateral flexsion). I would also look at getting a hex deadlift bar. It will allow you to deadlift with less stress on the spine. They are also good for farmers walks which build leg and back strength. If you build leg, hip, glute, core and back strength your back can be better than it ever was before the surgery.