Lets start with the ammo you're using. What brand, bullet weight and design is it? If you're using hand loads list the specifics, brass, primer, powder type and charge weight and bullet with seating depth.
I own two Armalite AR-10's, a 21" and a 16" and both are reliable when using M852 or M118 ammo. I'm running Slash's heavy buffers in both rifles.
It sounds like you aren't getting any gas at all from the barrel. If that's the case you need to double check the gas block alignment, some gas blocks need a little space between the block and the barrel shoulder to center the gas port in the gas block's opening.
Did you inspect the gas port when you were assembling the rifle to make sure it was drilled all the way through the barrel?
You may be turning the adjustable gas block the wrong way, choking off all of the gas. If you have a compressor use it to check that there isn't any obstructions in the gas tube/gas block assembly.
Finally, it is possible to install the gas tube upside down which makes semi-auto operation impossible.
Make sure you installed the right length gas tube. Currently there are six different gas tube lengths on the market. Your .308 rifle probably needs a mid-length or a rifle length gas tube. Make sure the rifle is unloaded, remove the magazine, lock the magazine to the rear and look inside the mag well inside the upper to make sure the gas tube is sticking inside the upper approximately 1.25"+.